Realheart continues to support alternative methods that reduce the need for animal testing. A study of virtual implants in animals, involving Realheart has been published in the international journal Artificial Organs. The study concludes, among other things, that virtual implants are an effective way to refine product design and reduce unnecessary suffering of animals.

A virtual implantation means that x-ray images are used to create a 3D model of the chest into which the 3D model of a heart pump can then be deployed virtually. This is an established method when planning heart pump surgeries on humans. However, it has never been used for animal testing. The purpose of the research project was to adapt Realheart’s prototype pump to fit calves for last year’s studies.

The project was a collaboration with researcher Dr Simon Sonntag, expert on simulations of heart pumps and virtual implants. The long-term goal was to create the opportunity for researchers and heart pump developers to reuse virtual models of animals to reduce development time and costs, and not least to reduce the number of live animals used in animal studies.

The study was recently published in the international journal Articifial Organs under the name “Virtual Implants to Transition from Pig to Calf Animal Models for a Total Artificial Heart” and demonstrates that virtual implants also work well in large animals and are an effective intermediate between drawing boards and live animal experiments to refine the product design and reduce unnecessary suffering.

Realheart’s CEO, Azad Najar, comments: “Working with Simon helped speed up preparations for last year’s calf surgeries. Virtual implantations before real implantations save both time and money, not least because it is now possible to share virtual models with other researchers around the world. And at the same time, it feels important to support more sustainable methods in the research world and thereby reduce the need for laboratory animals”.

Read the article here

Realheart aims at the US market and confirms its development plan towards the first trial in human patients.

The United States is the world’s largest market for total artificial hearts and thus very important for Realheart, which intends to sell its product, Realheart TAH, there. Before this can happen, it is necessary that Realheart’s products comply with all the requirements from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Realheart has now begun discussions with the FDA, which clarifies the requirements for product development and trials for the US market.

These kinds of discussions are preceded by a formal process in which the first step is tosubmit a comprehensive report describing achieved research results and future plans. Realheart submitted this report in January and asked the administration for a meeting. Realheart was invited to a meeting in Washington DC on April 2 and the follow-up discussions have just recently been concluded. Among other things, animal studies,biocompatibility tests, endurance tests, blood tests, and clinical trials were discussed.

The discussion was conducted in a constructive spirit according to Realheart and led to the parties reaching agreement on all issues that were discussed.

“We see this as a very significant step. We now have an established roadmap for the future and feel vitalized by having even clearer goals to work towards. The FDA’s requirements so far are reasonable, and we look forward to new positive discussions going forward,” says Realheart´s CEO Azad Najar.

Realheart develops the world’s first artificial four-chamber heart and will help the 98 percent of all heart failure patients who are unable to get a donated human organ. In a new animated film, the company explains how the artificial heart will work and why future patients should be able to live an almost normal life with their mechanical heart.

Watch the video here: Product film

Realheart is one of the leading companies in total artificial hearts, according to the journal Cardiac Interventions Today, which is revealed in an article published yesterday.

Cardiac Interventions Today is an established American journal focused on raising the latest technology and clinical studies on cardiovascular diseases.

The article entitled “The Next Wave of Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices”, which has recently been published, aims to demonstrate how far development in mechanical technology for cardiac support has come. The article addresses both companies that develop heart assistants and total artificial hearts. In the latter category, Realheart is highlighted as one of the top companies. It is especially the pulsatile blood flow that draws the attention to the company.

The article is written by Professor Robert D. Dowling, Heart Surgeon Specialist and former Director of the Heart Transplant and Heart Assistance Program at Jewish Hospital & St Mary’s Healthcare in Pennsylvania. Dowling is considered a pioneer in implantation of artificial hearts. Co-authors are Dr. Carlo R. Bartoli, a practicing cardiologist in Philadelphia and well known for his research on blood damage and side effects of heart pump treatment.

“The fact that someone like Robert Dowling writes about our Västerås company in this prestigious American magazine and establishes Realheart with thousands of heart surgeons and other specialists makes me extremely proud,” says Realhearts CEO Azad Najar.

The entire article can be read here: The next wave of mechanical circulatory support devices

On Wednesday, June 6, the third pre-clinical trial with Real Heart ™ was carried out.

We could this time wake up the test animal to a stable state with stable vital parameters, especially with regard to blood pressure and heart rate.

During two hours of observation after cardiac pump implantation, the parameters of the animal gradually improved. When the animal’s condition was stable with normal mobility and response, it was moved from the operating room to the stable. The stress associated with the move, caused a glue connection to that connects the aorta to the heart pump to get disconnected. A bleeding occurred which resulted in the study being discontinued.

“We do not consider this event to be a major problem. The glue connections have worked well in recent operations, but as they are subjected to strains when moving the test animal. We need to fix this until the next operation. We will instead suture the connections as we did in previous pig operations. “, says Azad Najar, CEO and innovator.

“The heart pump showed good performance after surgery and after a short while we could pump with full capacity. The new design on the air-vents worked well, but a further small adjustment is required. We can now vent the heart pump in an easier way to prevent the risk of air emboli, “continues Azad Najar.

In conclusion, after the third attempt, we now find that the operation technique works well, the solution for venting has improved and the heart pump delivers good physiological values. In future, we need to optimize some details throughout the pre-clinical process, especially around the critical post-implant period. New procedures for post-operative intensive care will therefore be developed.

For further information, please contact:

Azad Najar, CEO

E-mail: azad.najar@realheart.se

Tel: +46 (0) 736-673 463

This information is the information that Scandinavian Real Heart AB (public company) is required to disclose under the EU Market Abuse Regulation. The information was provided, through the above-mentioned contact person’s care, for publication on June 8, 2018.

About Scandinavian Real Heart AB – Only about 5,000 heart transplants are carried out annually worldwide, and the availability of donated hearts is very limited. The need is high and patients with heart failure die while waiting for a new heart. Scandinavian Real Heart AB develops a heart pump (TAH) that mimic the body’s natural circulation and can be used as a transitional solution for patients who are waiting for a heart transplant.

On Wednesday, May 9, the second of four planned preclinical tests of Real Heart ™ on calves were conducted at the laboratory in Belgium. The goal was from the beginning to conduct an acute test without waking up the calf from anesthesia but since the calf showed stable hemodynamic parameters, we decided to wake up the calf for a limited period of time.

We could also this time note that the connection of the heart pump to the calf’s vascular system works very well. The heart pump also delivered, as before, good values for oxygenation, pulse and blood pressure. In addition, we managed to get space enough to implant a flowmeter for the first time. This is used to monitor the amount of blood pumped from the heart pump. The adjustment of the heart pump in the chest, which was a bit of problem two weeks ago, also worked well. We now entered the chest cavity at the level of the 5th rib, instead of the 4th rib. This worked better, which means that one of the most critical issues is now solved.

After the surgery, the calf had very good vital parameters. We therefore decided to wake up the animal from anesthesia for a limited time and let the calf breathe on its own for approx. 10 minutes.

Despite the positive outcome, however, we still have a problem to solve with respect to the de-airing of the cardiac pump. Our de-airing valves are designed so that the air bubble sits at the highest point when the operation is performed with the calf lying on its back. The operations in Leuven are, however, carried out with the calf lying on its side, and then the air bubble is a couple of centimeters from the de-airing valves. The location of the valves should therefore be adjusted. The risk is that air that cannot be vented and instead goes on from the pump into the vascular system, causing an air embolus. The results of future survival trials can therefore be adversely affected even by a small remaining air bubble.

“We are incredibly proud of what we have achieved so far. To see the animal live and breathe with the help of our heart pump was an emotional moment for everybody involved. Our successes are the result of intensive work and careful planning in combination with the support we have received from our shareholders. Together, we step-by-step approach our goal to help many patients with heart disease.” says Azad Najar, CEO and innovator.

The overall result of this calf test is once again encouraging and better than expected. We have now decided to carry out the first survival attempt on calves already at the next operation on June 6th. The goal of the next operation is that the calf should live with the heart pump for a few hours – but maximum for 24 hours. Before this operation, we must solve the problem of the de-airing valves.

On April 25, the first of four planned preclinical tests with Real Heart ™ was performed on calves at the laboratory in Belgium. The outcome of the tests was better than expected both in terms surgical technique and the principle function of the pump.

As a preparation for the calf test, we have done some changes to the heart pump. The pump capacity has been increased to approximately 9.5 liters per minute compared to the previous 5 liters per minute, and the size has at the same time been reduced. We have also changed to using materials that are tolerated by the human body and are approved for permanent implantation (known as biocompatible materials). The new pump is now completely built in biocompatible materials, which is a major step forward. This is very important in order to facilitate future certification of the pump for human use. In addition, we have developed a new way of connecting the heart pump to the blood vessels of the thoracic cavity by developing a new type of connection. This is a kind of quick connector that significantly facilitates implantation of the pump.

The first calf test in Belgium on April 25, was designed to be an acute test. The goal of the first calf test was to try out the connection of the heart pump, the surgical technique and adjustment of the heart pump in the thorax. The intention was not to wake up the animal from anesthesia. At the test we could connect the pump without any problems. The new connection significantly facilitated the operation. The pump could easily be inserted, and the heart-lung-machine could without problems be disconnected so that the animal was supported only by the heart pump. The animal had very good oxygenation (98-100%), good blood pressure (about 150/110) and a normal low pressure in the left atrium, which is a sign that the flow of blood from the lungs to the heart works physiologically well. The most remarkable was that the connection could be done without any bleeding at all. It was completely dry which is very encouraging. In summary, the result was both in terms ease of connection and surgical technique better than expected. The principal pump function of the artificial heart was once again impressive.

However, there are always challenges. The implant was this time performed between the 4th and 5th ribs on the left side of the thorax, instead of dividing the sternum and opening up the entire chest along the midline as we have done in previous trials. This technique has both advantages and disadvantages. The advantage is that it is less extensive for the animal in particular if the animal is to be woken up later. The downside is that you have a smaller operating field. Unfortunately, during this surgery, we did not have enough space to comfortably adjust the heart pump inside the chest. There should theoretically be enough space if you do the implantation a bit lower – between the 5th and 6th ribs. We will do the next surgery in this way and hopefully improve the heart pump’s fit in the chest. Another challenge is the de-airing of the system. We need to redesign the de-airing valve and adapt the location to the new operation technique.

The final result of this calf test is thus very encouraging and much better than expected for a first test. We already have three more calf tests planning in Belgium before midsummer. The next calf test will be performed on May 9 and will be designed as an additional acute test before we switch to chronic survival tests. The goal for the next calf test is to carry out some adjustments and fix some of the problems so that we may be able to carry out survival tests, already with the third or fourth calf. If we then manage to wake up the animal the aim is that the animal should be able to live with heart pump for a few days.

Scandinavian Real Heart is approaching the final phase of the important development of the heart pump’s motor control software. The company’s developers announce that the software in question will have unique properties. The most important point is that the motor will be able to adjust the power of the pumping depending of the blood pressure of the patient.

-This means, among other things, an optimal energy consumption, says CEO Azad Najar. The development has been complicated and time consuming, but we are now close to completion.

Parts of the technology is ordinarily used in the aerospace industry. This is to obtain the highest possible safety for the Real Heart pump.

-The programming tools and programming language has been selected considering optimum reliability and quality assurance, continues Azad Najar.

Additionally, Scandinavian Real Heart has performed successful tests with the battery belt connected to the heart pump. The energy consumption of the motor has been reduced, and measurements has shown a run time of more than 12 hours for the pump with one battery belt.

– The long battery time means a radical improvement of the quality of life for the patients, explains Azad Najar. This is in comparison with battery life and weight of products on the market today.

Real Heart plans to perform survival animal tests in the United States together with heart surgeons at Memorial Herman Medical Center and the University Hospital in Linköping. In week 22, Real Heart CEO Azad Najar and board chairman Göran Hellers visited leading US heart surgeons who are active in development and testing of heart pump systems.

 Real Heart’s patented mechanical heart was met with great interest. A preliminary agreement about a cooperation has already been planned. The next series of tests, survival tests, will be performed in one of the most well equipped and experienced laboratories.

 A contract discussion and time planning has been initiated. The laboratory is certified, which means that survival tests performed at this laboratory are approved as documentation for FDA and CE certification of our product.

The development team at Real Heart are now developing a larger heart, which can pump larger volumes of blood, since the Texas laboratory wants to use larger animals than the ones that Real Heart has previously tested on.

Azad Najar says in a comment – “We look very positively at the cooperation with Memorial Hermann Medical Center, which has world leading competence within this area. We are very happy about their positive response to our innovation, and that they, together with the research team at the University Hospital in Linköping, want to take the next very important step in the development of the mechanical heart. For me as an innovator, this is a very large step forward. My goal is that patients with heart failure will be able to live a better life, and that very sick hearts shall be possible to replace. We have now come one step further on our journey. ”

For more information, please contact:

Azad Najar, CEO
phone 073-667 34 63
e-mail azad.najar@realheart.se
www.realheart.se

About Scandinavian Real Heart AB – Only approximately 5000 heart transplants are performed yearly in the world, and the supply of donor hearts is very limited. The need is great, and patients with heart failure die while waiting for a new heart. Scandinavian Real Heart is developing a heart pump (TAH) that mimics the body’s natural circulation, that will be possible to use as a temporary solution for patients waiting for a heart transplant.

During the development of model 11, which is designed in two halves, we have, together with heart surgeons, seen new possibilities to use one pump half as a ventricular assist device. On May 4^th the we performed the first test to operate the Real Heart assisist device into a test animal.

 Up until now we have worked with a TAH product (Total Artificial Heart). This type of heart pump is used when the entire heart fails. A more common condition is when only one half of the heart fails. This type of failure can be temporary and can occur after e.g. an acute inflammation of the heart muscle. Patients with acute heart failure can be saved by implanting a ventricular assist device to support the failing half of the heart without removing the biological heart. A ventricular assist device is thus a smaller pump that works in coordination with the failing heart half, and supports it so that circulation is sustained at a sufficient level.

After a thorough assessment together with heart surgeons we took the decision to preform a first test  to insert a heart pump half model 11 as a ventricular assist. This operation was perfect.

For more information, please contact

Azad Najar, CEO
073-667 34 63
azad.najar@realheart.se
www.realheart.se

About Scandinavian Real Heart AB – Only approximately 5000 heart transplants are performed yearly in the world, and the supply of donor hearts is very limited. The need is great, and patients with heart failure die while waiting for a new heart. Scandinavian Real Heart is developing a heart pump (TAH) that mimics the body’s natural circulation, that will be possible to use as a temporary solution for patients waiting for a heart transplant.

We performed another animal operation with the heart pump model 11 on May 3^rd . This operation was successful and the pump functioned extraordinarily well, both mechanically and medically. The test showed that the heart pump could sustain a normal heart function at a stable level for a longer period of time on sedated animals.

As we have previously communicated, heart pump modell 11 is a competitive heart pump, type Total Artificial Heart (TAH), which replaces the deseased heart completely. Heart pump modell 11 fulfills all of the criteria that leading heart surgeons set up a couple of years ago. Additionally, it is the only heart pump (TAH) in the world that can beat with a pulse of 140-150 beats per minute. During the previous animal operations we have focused on tuning the surgical operation procedure. At the operation last week, we could optimize the care of the animal, and the animal functioned without complications also during the most sensitive period when implanting the heart pump. As a result of the test on May 3^rd, we now announce that we are ready to proceed to the next phase of pre-clinical trials on animals, i.e. survival tests.  

The result of this operation was so positive that we have decided, after a discussion with the surgical team, to cancel the operations that we had planned for June. We have thus decided the proceed immediately with the application to the animal ethics committee to obtain approval to perform survival tests. This means that the pump is implanted, and that the animal is then awakened from anesthesia. We hope to start these tests in Sweden in the beginning of this fall. We will, as previously communicated, visit Cleveland Clinic and Texas Heart Institute in Houston in the end of May. Primarily Houston has shown great interest in participating in the survival test project.

For more information, please Contact:

Azad Najar, CEO
073-667 34 63
azad.najar@realheart.se
www.realheart.se

About Scandinavian Real Heart AB – Only approximately 5000 heart transplants are performed yearly in the world, and the supply of donor hearts is very limited. The need is great, and patients with heart failure die while waiting for a new heart. Scandinavian Real Heart is developing a heart pump (TAH) that mimics the body’s natural circulation, that will be possible to use as a temporary solution for patients waiting for a heart transplant.

Scandinavian Real Heart recruits new employee and establishes contact with Texas Heart Institute in Houston and with Cleveland Clinic.

 After performing successful tests on version 11, Scandinavian Real Heart will shortly end the pre-clinical tests on sleeping animals, and start a new phase of pre-clinical survival tests. These tests will initially be performed in cooperation with the University Hospital in Linköping. Subsequently, tests will be performed at a certified laboratory in the United States. When we have reached a satisfactory result from the pre-clinical animal tests we will start the planning for clinical tests on humans.

Scandinavian Real Heart has established contact with Texas Heart Institute in Houston and with Cleveland Clinic. Texas Heart is the one clinic in the world with the most experience regarding pre-clinical tests of heart pumps. Cleveland Clinic has performed a large number of tests on calves the last couple of years and have substantial experience of the ethical handling of the test animals. The CEO and Chairman of the Company will visit the American clinics in the end of May. Texas Heart has already (on the basis of the information that we have supplied) declared that they are interested in discussing a future cooperation.

Scandinavian Real Heart has recruited Ina Pieper to the company. She will start in August. Ina has previously worked at the University of Swansea, where she has worked with heart pump related research for several years. She is one of few in the world with a PhD within the area of blood chemistry and the effects of heart pumps. Ina will now, after several years abroad, move back to Sweden to work in our project. This is an important and strategic recruitment regarding the the regulatory work with our heart pump.

The company follows the established development plan, and as previously communicated the company’s future capital needs need to be met for the continued work. At the coming Annual Meeting meeting, it will be proposed that the meeting gives the board authority to decide on, at one or several occacions, increasing the company’s share capital through a new issue. In connection with a new share issue, the Board shall also take reasonable account of the existing shareholders’ preferential rights. This proposal has already been communicated in the notice convening the Annual Meeting

For more information, please Contact:

Azad Najar, CEO
073-667 34 63
azad.najar@realheart.se
www.realheart.se

About Scandinavian Real Heart AB – Only approximately 5000 heart transplants are performed yearly in the world, and the supply of donor hearts is very limited. The need is great, and patients with heart failure die while waiting for a new heart. Scandinavian Real Heart is developing a heart pump (TAH) that mimics the body’s natural circulation, that will be possible to use as a temporary solution for patients waiting for a heart transplant.

The article titled ”Early Experience of Implantation of a New Pulsatile Total Artificial Heart” is published in the ”Journal of Clinical & Experimental Cardiology” and presents research results from pre-clinical studies. The results verify that the Real Heart pump gives a flow with a natural pulse and a pressure curve that is identical with the natural heart’s.
The research results described in the article show us that that the heart pump has the correct design, and we have obtained a verification that our core idea is correct, says the Real Heart CEO and founder Azad Najar.

The full article can be read here:

https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/early-experience-of-implantation-of-a-new-pulsatile-total-artificial-heart-tah-in-the-pig-2155-9880-1000510.pdf

Scandinavian Real Heart now presents its heart pump system, which consists of heart pump model 11, control box, battery belt and the Sternal Prothesis. The company has taken some further steps towards being able to offer mechanical hearts to patients with severe heart failure.

After 17 years of research, the company has now developed a complete system for implantation of mechanical hearts. The latest heart pump, model 11, is a development of the previous models. It is smaller, quieter, and easier to implant. As the first heart pump in the world it has a replaceable drive component, which gives the pump a longer life time.

This model is controlled by its own electronics and software in the control box, which is located on the battery belt external from the body. The system has been designed with simplicity, safety and usability in focus.

The company has also developed the first prototype of the battery belt. The development onwards will focus on individual adaptations and usability.

When developing the heart pump, the company has recognised certain problems associated with thorax operations. Postoperative pain and pneumonia are some of the complications that are common in all thoracic surgery, not only after heart pump implantation.

The company has thus developed a new concept, the Sternal Prothesis, which is a new application of the same principle used in, for example, hip and knee protheses. The Sternal Prothesis was primarily developed as a part of the heart pump system to simplify the replacement of the heart pump’s drive system when needed. Additionally, it can help to fixate the sternum in a simple and sable way, and thereby alleviate the common, above mentioned, postoperative complications. The concept is completely new, and a patent application has been submitted.

We will now continue the verification of the heart pump system, and also start the verification of the Sternal Protheses, first on animals and later, if animal trials are successful, in clinical trials on humans.

The company has chosen to present the heart pump system in detail through four video clips that are published on the company web page instead of, as previously communicated, on a press meeting.

Real Hearts utvecklingsprojektledare Fredrik Pahlm har ökat sitt innehav av aktier i Real Heart genom att den 13 januari köpa 10 000 aktier av en av medgrundarna till Real Heart, Gunnar Nihlén. Fredrik Pahlm äger sina aktier via sitt bolag Sensolution AB och Gunnar äger sina via Frontus AB.

Fredrik äger sedan tidigare 5 000 aktier i bolaget och hans innehav uppgår nu således till 15 000 aktier. Gunnar Nihlén äger efter försäljningen 1 172 449.

För mer information kontakta:

Azad Najar, VD
073-667 34 63
azad.najar@realheart.se

Läs nyheten som pdf här >>

Denna information är sådan information som Real Heart är skyldigt att offentliggöra enligt EU:s marknadsmissbruksförordning. Informationen lämnades, genom ovanstående kontaktpersons försorg, för offentliggörande den 16 januari 2017.

Om Scandinavian Real Heart AB – Endast cirka 5 000 hjärttransplantationer sker årligen i hela världen och tillgången på donerade hjärtan är mycket begränsad. Behovet är stort och patienter med hjärtsvikt avlider i väntan på ett nytt hjärta. Scandinavian Real Heart AB utvecklar en hjärtpump (TAH) som efterliknar kroppens naturliga cirkulation och som ska kunna användas som en övergångslösning för patienter som väntar på en hjärttransplantation.

After intensive work during last year the Scandinavian Real Heart´s heart pump development project will enter a new phase. The project basically includes three parts: mechanics, electronics / software and energy supply. The basic solutions of these parts are expected to be in place during late January through mid-February, when the heart pump model 11 is going to be presented to the press and general public.

The electronics are already designed, and the software will be delivered early January. Work with the power supply and the control box to be mounted with the batteries on the battery belt are underway and these features will be presented at a press conference in February. After that there will probably only be minor adjustments.

The company then goes into a new phase including intensive animal testing to finally be able to start the clinical studies that are part of the certification process. Certification is necessary to test the heart pump in humans. We are currently in discussions with laboratories where we will carry out long-term experiments on animals. In long-term experiments the artificial heart is tested in animals that are woken up after surgery and kept alive in as good conditions as possible for several weeks. These trials will begin in April which is in line with what we have previously communicated.

Model 11 is the first version with built-in electronics and software, and therefore, with its own intelligence. Technically, we are thus a few months ahead of our original schedule.

Scandinavian Real Hearts pump has a unique design that allows it to be serviced and parts replaced without the patient having to undergo extensive surgery with heart-lung machine connected. This makes our version smoother and more durable compared to competing heart pumps.

During November, we had the opportunity to show our heart pump for the Swedish Prime Minister Stefan Löfven, who was visiting Västerås to meet innovators. Pictures of the meeting are available on our website. We had the opportunity to present pump model 10, which has shown good properties in tests on animals.

For more information contact:

Azad Najar, CEO
073-667 34 63
azad.najar@realheart.se
www.realheart.se

 Scandinavian Real Heart AB

Kopparbergsvägen 10, 722 13 Västerås

www.realheart.se

Det råder inga tvivel om att det finns ett betydande behov av alternativ för hjärtsjuka. Efter 14 års forskning och utveckling har Scandinavian Real Heart passerat de svåraste utvecklingsstegen. Svensk forskning och ingenjörskonst har nu framställt ett konstgjort hjärta som följer det biologiska hjärtats princip med fyra kammare och med samma flöde, tryck och styrning.

Scandinavian Real Heart planerar att listas på AktieTorget. Teckningstiden pågår mellan den 14 och 28 oktober.

Idag, den 14 oktober 2014, inleds teckningstiden i Scandinavian Real Heart AB:s (”Real Heart”) nyemission inför notering på AktieTorget. Teckningstiden löper till och med den 28 oktober 2014. Vid fulltecknad nyemission tillförs bolaget cirka 10 MSEK före emissionskostnader. Real Heart har erhållit teckningsförbindelser om cirka 5 MSEK. I samband med nyemissionen kommer Real Heart att delta i ett antal informationsträffar samt en webhearing för att informera om bolaget och dess framtidsplaner. Memorandum, folder samt anmälningssedel finns att tillgå på Real Hearts, AktieTorgets och Sedermera Fondkommissions respektive hemsidor (www.realheart.se, www.aktietorget.se och www.sedermera.se).

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